On 5 March 2025, President Macron announced that he had "decided to open the strategic debate about using our (nuclear) deterrence to protect our allies on the European continent".
Officially, if an enemy attacks France’s "vital interests", our deterrence consists of threatening to send him first a "final warning" through a nuclear strike that would be, on principle, limited, and after that, if he continues his aggression, to deliver massive strikes on his cities.
That French first nuclear (...)

At the request of ACDN (Action des Citoyens pour le Désarmement Nucléaire), the IFOP Institute (Institut Français d’Opinion Publique) has conducted a poll on how much French citizens support the notion of extending France’s "nuclear deterrence" to France’s European allies.
The polling was done on a sample of 1000 persons representing the French population aged 18 and above.
The sample’s representativity was ensured by the quota method (the person’s sex, age, occupation) after stratification by (...)

Donald Trump has agreed with Vladimir Putin to share the spoils of Ukraine - "You get the conquered land in the east, I get the remaining rare minerals!" In so doing Trump is ratifying Putin’s aggression and validating the exercise of might - economic and military might - as a norm of international conduct. What became of the frontiers, sovereignty and independence that were jointly guaranteed to Ukraine in 1994 by Russia, the US and the UK, in the Memorandum of Budapest, in exchange for the (...)